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LOCO SHED GOMOH

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere grateful and profound gratitude to LOCO SHED ,GOMOH for providing an opportunity to undergo Vocational Training of 04 weeks in “ELECTRIC LOCO SHED, Gomoh, Jharkhand’’. I bear immense pleasure in expressing my gratitude and thanks to all the Employees of respective shops for their honest teaching, practical demonstration, guidance and suggestion in respective sections. Furthermore, I would like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of staffs, who gave us the permission to use all required equipment and the necessary materials during our training period. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Locomotives 3. Syntaxs used in Loco 4. Components of Loco 5. Different Sections of Loco 6. Brake Rigging 7. Pantograph 8. Traction Converter 9. Working of Loco 10. Conclusion INTRODUCTION  The ISO-9001-2008 certified Electric Loco Shed, East Central Railway, Gomoh situated in Gomoh. ELECT...
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WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A TRANSFORMER

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   WORKING PRINCIPLE OF TRANSFORMER  A transformer is a static (or stationary) piece of apparatus by means of which electric power in one circuit is transformed into electric power of the same frequency in another circuit. It can raise or lower the voltage in a circuit but with a correspond- ing decrease or increase in current. The physical basis of a transformer is mutual induction between two circuits linked by a common magnetic flux. In its simplest form, it consists of two inductive coils which are electrically separated but magnetically linked through a path of low reluctance as shown in Fig. 32.1. The two coils possess high mutual v inductance. If one coil is connected to a source of alternating voltage, an alternating flux is set up in v the laminated core, most of which is linked with the other coil in which it produces mutually-in- d u ced e.m.f. (according to Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction e = MdI/dt). If the second coil circuit is close...
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CAPACITOR

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CAPACITANCE:- 5.1. Capacitor A capacitor essentially consists of two conducting surfaces separately,vy a layer of an insulating medium called dielectric. The conducting surfaces may be in the formof eithercircular (or rectangular) plates or be of spherical or cylindrical shape. The purpose of a capacitor . is. to store electrical energy by electrostatic stress in the dielectric (the word 'condenser' is a misnomer since a capacitor does not 'condense' electricity as such, it merely stores it).BA parallel-plate capacitor is shown in Fig. 5.1. One plate isjoined to the positive end of the supply and the other to the negative end or is earthed. It is experimentally found that in the presence of an earthed plate B, plate A is capable of withholding more charge than when B is not there. When such a capacitor is put across a battery, ~ere is a momentary flow of electrons from A to B. As negatively-charged electrons are withdrawn from A, it becomes positive and as ...
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WORK ENERGY POWER with logic words for development to your mind

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              WORK POWER AND ENERGY ____________________________________________ 3.1. Effect of Electric Current. It is a matter of common experience that a conductor, when carrying current, becomes hot after some time. As explained earlier, an electric current is just a directed flow or drift of electrons through a substance. The moving electrons as the pass through molecules of atoms of that sub- stance, collide with other electrons. This electronic collision results in the production of heat. This explains why passage of current is always accompanied by generation of heat. 3.2 Joules Law of Electric Heating                 The amount of work required to maintain a current of I amperes through a resistance of R ohm for t second is W.D. = PRt joules = VIt joules (": R = VI!) = Wt joules (": W = VI) = V t lR joules (": I = VIR) This work is converted into heat and is dissipated away. The amount of hea...
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Electrical current and ohm's low

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1.ELECTRICAL CURRENT AND OHM'S LAW 1.1 Electron Drift Velocity Suppose that in a conductor, the number of free electrons available per m3 of the conductor material is n and let their axial drift velocity be v metres/second. In time dt, distance travelled would be v x dt. If A.is area of cross-section of the conductor, then the volume is and the number of electrons contained in this volume is vA dt. Obviously, all these electrons will cross the conductor cross-section in time dt. If e is the charge of each electron, then total charge which crosses the section in time dt is d q =  dt. Since current is the rate of flow of charge, it is given as = - = :.  dt . I = dt dt Current density J = ilA =ne v ampere l metre 2 Assuming a normal current density J =1.55 X 106 Alm 2 , n = 1029for a copper conductor 6 -19 and e =1. x 10 coulomb, we get 1.55 x 106 = 1029x 1.6 X 10-19x v :. v = 9.7 X 10-5m/s = 0.58 cm/min. It is seen that contrary to the common but mistaken view, the electron drif...
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the magnetic circuit breaker has trip action.

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* Magnetic line of force:-  ' my notes' There are the imaginary lines which travels from North pole to South pole outside the magnet and inside the South pole to North pole. Figure:-1 .                                Figure:-1 • There lines do not interested each other. • There cut each other at infinity • Magnetic line's of force's always form            closed loop. Magnetic flux:   (Q)---> of the. figure:-2                                   Figure:-2 Magnetic lines of force passes through this coil is called magnetic flux. Unit--> Waber (WB) Magnetic flux density (b)  B= Q/A • Flux passing with unit area is called                 magnetic flux density.     Unit:- WB/m^2 or Tesla [T]  ...
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Nodal analysis problem

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* Using nodal method, determine the current in the individual of the circuit.   Solution:- Apply KCL in   node 1 :  =  (100-V1/20) -  (V1- V2/15) -  (V1 - V 0/10)=0  = -13 V1 + 4V2= -300  = 13V1-4V2= 300 Apply KCL in   node 2 : = (V1 - V2/15) - (V2 - 0/10)+( 80-V2/10)=0 = 2V1- 8V2 =- 240   From equation (1)   (2), we have,          ∆= | 13           -4   |                                  | 2            -8    |= -104 + 8= -96          D1= | 300       -4   |         | -240      -8   | = -2400-960= -3360 D2= | 13            300   |         |  2      ...
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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

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•  Content___ 1. Electric Current and Ohm’s Law: Electron Drift Velocity—Charge Velocity and Velocity of Field Propagation— The Idea of Electric Potential— Resistance—Unit of Resistance—Law of Resistance—Units of Resistivity—Conductance and Conductivity— Effect of Temperature on Resistance—Temperature Coefficient of Resistance—Value of a at Different Temperatures Variation of Resistivity with Temperature—Ohm’s Law— Resistance in Series—Voltage Divider Rule—Resistance in Parallel—Types of Resistors—Nonlinear Resistors— Varistor—Short and Open Circuits—‘Shorts’ in a Series Circuit—‘Opens’ in Series Circuit—‘Open’s in a Parallel Circuit—‘Shorts’ in Parallel Circuits—Division of Current in Parallel Circuits—Equivalent Resistance—Duality Between Series and Parallel Circuits—Relative Potential— Voltage Divider Circuits—Objective Tests. 2. D.C Network and Theorems: Electric Circuits and Network Theorems—Kirchhoff’s Laws—Determination of Voltage Sign—Assumed Directi...
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