LOCO SHED GOMOH

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere grateful and profound gratitude to LOCO SHED ,GOMOH for providing an opportunity to undergo Vocational Training of 04 weeks in “ELECTRIC LOCO SHED, Gomoh, Jharkhand’’. I bear immense pleasure in expressing my gratitude and thanks to all the Employees of respective shops for their honest teaching, practical demonstration, guidance and suggestion in respective sections. Furthermore, I would like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of staffs, who gave us the permission to use all required equipment and the necessary materials during our training period. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Locomotives 3. Syntaxs used in Loco 4. Components of Loco 5. Different Sections of Loco 6. Brake Rigging 7. Pantograph 8. Traction Converter 9. Working of Loco 10. Conclusion INTRODUCTION  The ISO-9001-2008 certified Electric Loco Shed, East Central Railway, Gomoh situated in Gomoh. ELECT...
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ZENER DIODE AND TRANSISTOR

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ZENER DIODE
A zener diode is a special type of diode
that is designed to operate in the reverse
breakdown region. An ordinary diode
operated in this region will usually be
destroyed due to excessive current.
This is not the case for the zener diodA zener diode is heavily doped to
reduce the reverse breakdown voltage.
This causes a very thin depletion layer
As a result, a zener diode has a sharp
reverse breakdown voltage Vz This is
clear from the reverse characteristic of
zener diode that the reverse characteristic drops in an almost vertical manner at reverse voltage Vz As the curve reveals, two
things happen when V is reached: The diode current increases rapidly.
(i) The reverse voltage Vz across the diode remains almost constant. In other words, the zener diode operated in this region will have a relatively constant voltage across it, regardless of the value of current through the device. This permits the zener diode to be used as a volage regulator For detailed discussion on zener diode.
WORKING OF A NPN TRANSISTOR:              the npn transistor with forward bias to emitter- base junction and reverse bias to collector- base junction. The forward bias causes the electrons in the n- type emitter to flow towards the base. This constitutes the emitter current 1g As these electrons flow through the p-type base, they tend to combine with holes. As the base is lightly doped and very thin, theretore, only a few electrons (less than 5%) combine with holes to constitute base** current The remainder (***more than 95%) croOSs Over into the collector region to constitute collector current In this way, almost the entire emitter current flows in the collector circuit. It is clear that emitter current is the sum of collector and base currents.
Thank you.
Written by Abhishek Singh E.E

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